HISTORI EA TUNGSTEN SEBELISA
Lintho tse sibollotsoeng ts'ebelisong ea tungsten li ka amahanngoa le masimo a mane: lik'hemik'hale, tšepe le li-alloys tse kholo, likhoele le li-carbide.
1847: Letsoai la Tungsten le sebelisoa ho etsa k’hothone e mebala-bala le ho etsa liaparo tse sebelisetsoang lebaleng la liketsahalo le merero e meng e sa cheng.
1855: Ts'ebetso ea Bessemer e qapiloe, e lumellang tlhahiso e kholo ea tšepe. Ka nako e ts'oanang, litšepe tsa pele tsa tungsten li ntse li etsoa Austria.
1895: Thomas Edison o ile a batlisisa bokhoni ba thepa ea fluoresce ha e pepesetsoa X-rays, 'me a fumana hore calcium tungstate e ne e le ntho e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa.
1900: High Speed Steel, motsoako o khethehileng oa tšepe le tungsten, e bontšoa Pontšong ea Lefatše Paris. E boloka ho thatafala ha eona mochesong o phahameng, e loketseng ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa le mechine.
1903: Likhoele tsa mabone le mabone e bile tšebeliso ea pele ea tungsten e ileng ea sebelisa sebaka sa eona se phahameng haholo sa ho qhibiliha le motlakase oa eona. Bothata feela? Liteko tsa pele li ile tsa fumana tungsten e le brittle haholo bakeng sa tšebeliso e atileng.
1909: William Coolidge le sehlopha sa hae ho General Electric US ba atlehile ho fumana mokhoa o hlahisang li-ductile tungsten filaments ka ho phekola mocheso o loketseng le ho sebetsa ka mechine.
1911: The Coolidge Process e rekisoa, 'me ka nako e khutšoanyane mabone a tungsten a hasana lefatšeng ka bophara a hlomelloa ka lithapo tsa ductile tungsten.
1913: Khaello ea litaemane tsa indasteri Jeremane nakong ea WWII e etsa hore bafuputsi ba batle mokhoa o mong oa ho shoa ha taemane, o sebelisoang ho hula terata.
1914: “E ne e le tumelo ea litsebi tse ling tsa sesole sa Selekane hore ka mor’a likhoeli tse tšeletseng Jeremane e tla be e feletsoe ke lithunya. Kapele-pele Linaha tsa Selekane li ile tsa fumana hore Jeremane e ne e ntse e eketsa tlhahiso ea eona ea lihlomo le hore ka nako e itseng e ne e feta tlhahiso ea Linaha tsa Selekane. Phetoho ena e ne e le ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea hae ea tšepe ea tungsten ea lebelo le phahameng le lithulusi tsa ho itšeha tsa tungsten. Se ileng sa makatsa Mabrithani habohloko ke hore tungsten e neng e sebelisoa joalo, hamorao e ile ea sibolloa, e ne e tsoa haholo-holo Meepong ea ’ona ea Cornish e Cornwall.” - Ho tsoa bukeng ea KC Li ea 1947 "TUNGSTEN"
1923: Khampani ea Jeremane ea tleloubu ea motlakase e fana ka patent bakeng sa tungsten carbide, kapa hardmetal. E entsoe ka "samente" lijo-thollo tse thata haholo tsa tungsten monocarbide (WC) ka har'a matrix a binder ea tšepe e thata ea cobalt ka mokelikeli oa mokelikeli.
Sephetho se fetotse nalane ea tungsten: thepa e kopanyang matla a phahameng, boima le boima bo phahameng. Ha e le hantle, tungsten carbide e thata haholo, ntho feela ea tlhaho e ka e senyang ke daemane. (Carbide ke tšebeliso ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa tungsten kajeno.)
1930s: Ho ile ha hlaha lits'ebetso tse ncha tsa metsoako ea tungsten indastering ea oli bakeng sa ho tlotsa oli e tala.
1940: Ho qalisoa ha litšepe tse entsoeng ka tšepe, nickel le cobalt, ho tlatsa tlhokahalo ea thepa e ka mamellang mocheso o hlollang oa lienjene tsa jete.
1942: Nakong ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, Majeremane e bile bona ba pele ba ho sebelisa tungsten carbide core ka lebelo le phahameng la ho phunya lihlomo. Litanka tsa Brithani li batla li "qhibiliha" ha li otloa ke li-projectiles tsena tsa tungsten carbide.
1945: Lithekiso tsa selemo le selemo tsa mabone a incandescent ke limilione tse 795 ka selemo US
Lilemong tsa bo-1950: Ka nako ena, tungsten e se e kenyelletsoa li-superalloy ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tsona.
1960s: Li-catalyst tse ncha li ile tsa tsoaloa li e-na le metsoako ea tungsten ho phekola likhase tse tsoang indastering ea oli.
1964: Lintlafatso tsa katleho le tlhahiso ea mabone a incandescent li fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho fana ka palo e fanoeng ea khanya ka karolo ea mashome a mararo, ha e bapisoa le litšenyehelo tsa ho kenyelletsa tsamaiso ea mabone ea Edison.
2000: Mothating ona, selemo le selemo ho huloa terata ea lebone e ka bang limilione tse likete tse 20, e leng bolelele bo lekanang le sebaka sa khoeli le lefatše ka makhetlo a ka bang 50. Mabone a ja 4% le 5% ea kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea tungsten.
TUNGSTEN KAJENO
Kajeno, tungsten carbide e atile haholo, 'me ts'ebeliso ea eona e kenyelletsa ho seha tšepe, machining a lehong, polasetiki, metsoako le lirafshoa tse bonolo, ho etsa li-chipless (tse chesang le tse batang), meepo, kaho, ho cheka majoe, likarolo tsa meralo, likarolo le likarolo tsa sesole. .
Li-alloys tsa tšepe tsa Tungsten li boetse li sebelisoa ha ho etsoa li-nozzles tsa enjine ea rocket, tse tlamehang ho ba le thepa e ntle e thibelang mocheso. Li-super-alloys tse nang le tungsten li sebelisoa ka har'a mahare a turbine le likarolo tse sa sebetseng le liphahlo.
Leha ho le joalo, ka nako e ts'oanang, puso ea lebone la lebone la incandescent e felile ka mor'a lilemo tse 132, ha li qala ho felisoa US le Canada.
Nako ea poso: Jul-29-2021
